Possibility of Using Back-Pressure Turbine in the Iraqi Petroleum Industry
Main Article Content
Abstract
Dura refinery, Baghdad, utilizes at the same time two forms of energy: electricity and heat. Nowadays, these two forms of energy are supplied by a bottoming cogeneration plant. The present paper describes this cogeneration system in detail. Meanwhile, the theoretical analysis was conducted according to the 1st and 2nd laws of thermodynamics to evaluate system performance. Based on the results of such analysis and considering the advantages of back-pressure turbine properties, two alternative plants based on a true cogeneration system have been designed and analyzed. The results showed a substantial increase in efficiency (6–13%) as well as the achievement of (24%) saving in fuel consumption. Moreover, the findings of the present work indicate that these alternative plants can produce more electricity than is required by the refinery. Such excess power can be effectively sold to the main electric network, improving overall energy utilization
Downloads
Article Details
Section
How to Cite
References
Backlund, E.L., and Karlsson, B.G., 1988. Cogeneration versus industrial waste heat. Heat Recovery Systems & CHP, 8(4), pp. 333–341.
Baughn, J.W., and Kerwin, R.A., 1987. Measurements of the thermodynamic performance of a gas turbine cogeneration system. International Journal of Energy Systems, 7(1), pp. 1–4.
Baughn, J.W., McKillop, A.A., and Treleven, K., 1983. An analysis of the performance of a gas turbine cogeneration plant. Transactions of the ASME, 105, pp. 816–820.
Bruce, H., and John, J., 1980. Energy conservation through industrial cogeneration. Energy, 5, pp. 343–354. https://doi.org/10.1016/0360-5442(80)90026-3
Catalog of steam turbine type R-50-130-13, n.d. Factory of Leningrad, sheet No. 3. (in Russian).
Datta, A., Sengupta, S., and Duttagupta, S., 2007. Exergy analysis of a coal-based 210 MW thermal power plant. International Journal of Energy Research, 31(1), pp. 14–28. https://doi.org/10.1002/er.1224
Datta, A., Sengupta, S., and Duttagupta, S., 2007. Exergy analysis of a coal-based 210 MW thermal power plant. International Journal of Energy Research, 31(1), pp. 14–28. https://doi.org/10.1002/er.1224
Dincer, I., and Rosen, M.A., 2007. Exergy: Energy, Environment and Sustainable Development. Elsevier.
Ertesvag, I.S., 2007. Exergetic comparison of efficiency indicators for combined heat and power (CHP). Energy, 32, pp. 2038–2050. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2007.02.001
Fageeh, E., Khalifa, A.M., and Radhwan, A.M., 1989. A case study of cogeneration for Jeddah and Yanbu refineries. Heat Recovery Systems & CHP, 9(5), pp. 485–491.
Flynn, D., 2003. Thermal power plant simulation and control. The Institution of Electrical Engineers, London.
Gost, 1989. Stationary steam boilers: type and basic parameters, pp. 10 . (in Russian).
Gretciena, V.P., 2001. A small power plant is the natural exit from the power generation crisis. Industrial Power Generation, 8, pp. 13–15.
Gytorov, V.F., and Cemoul, L.L., 2001. Methods of increasing the economy of cogeneration plants. Thermal Energy, 6, pp. 32–37. (in Russian).
Habib, M.A., 1992. Thermodynamic analysis of the performance of cogeneration plants. Energy, 17(5), pp. 485–491.
Hassan, E.S., and Hameed, H.H., 1988. Waste heat recovery of Dura oil refinery and alternative cogeneration energy plant. Heat Recovery Systems & CHP, 8(3), pp. 265–270.
Ivasheva, G.D., Dulnek, B.P., and Romantsov, V.V., 1992. Expediency construction small cogeneration plant with back-pressure turbines. Engineering Construction, 10, pp. 16–18. (in Russian).
Jose, M., and Vian, C.Z., 1988. Computer program for determining optimal running conditions of a steam turbine cogeneration system. Heat Recovery Systems & CHP, 8(5), pp. 401–409
Kathem, H.A., 2007. Possibility of using back pressure turbine in Iraqi petroleum industry. MSc. Thesis, University of Technology, Mechanical Department.
Kotas, T.J., 1985. The exergy method of thermal plant analysis. Kreith, F., and Goswami, D.Y., 2007. Handbook of energy efficiency and renewable energy. Taylor & Francis Group.
Krelelov, E.E., 1988. Automatic control of steam turbines and gas-steam plants, pp. 446. (in Russian).
Marena, E.V., 2001. Perfection of operational conditions of extraction turbine plants to increase efficiency. Ph.D. Thesis, Polytechnic University, Saint Petersburg.
Melman, C.Y., 2000. Economical operation of electric power station with back-pressure turbine. Thermal Energy, 1, pp. 6–8.
Moayed, R.H., 2007. Entropy method as criteria for analysis steam power plant. Journal of Engineering, 13(3), pp. 1818–1833.
Muhammed Nusrat Saeed, 1992. Fuel efficiencies, allocation of fuels, and fuel costs for power and desalination in dual-purpose plants: A novel methodology. Elsevier Science Publishers, pp. 213–229.
Mussati, S., Aguirre, P., and Scenna, N., 2002a. Dual-purpose desalination plants. Part I: Optimal design. Desalination, 153, pp. 179–184.
Mussati, S., Aguirre, P., and Scenna, N., 2002b. Dual-purpose desalination plants. Part II: Optimal configuration. Desalination, 153, pp. 185–189.
Porter, R.W., and Mastannish, K., 1983. Thermal economic analysis of heat matched industrial cogeneration system. Energy, 7(2), pp. 171–187.
Pustovalov, U.V., 1987. Specific fuel consumption for factory heat supply using exergy analysis. Chemical Industry, pp. 12–13. (in Russian).
Richard, E.D., and Drof, C., 2000. The engineering handbook.
Rosen, M.A., Le, M.N., and Dincer, I., 2007. Efficiency analysis of a steam power plant. Journal of Engineering, 13(3), pp. 1818–1833.
Shlyakhin, P., 1964. Steam turbines: theory and design. Moscow, p. 238.
Yeza, E., 1966. Equations for thermodynamics of water and steam for computer calculations. Thermal Engineering, 7, pp. 80–86.
Yunus, A.C., and Boles, M.A., 2005. Thermodynamics: an engineering approach. 5th ed. McGraw-Hill.