الحماية من الحرائق للخرسانة ذاتية الرص باستخدام الطلاءات القائمة على الأسمنت والبيرلايت
محتوى المقالة الرئيسي
الملخص
تُعد الخرسانة ذاتية الرص من الأنواع الخرسانية الحساسة عند التعرض للحريق؛ لذلك هدفت هذه الدراسة إلى تقييم كفاءة الطلاءات الوقائية المعتمدة على الأسمنت–البيرلايت في تحسين مقاومة الخرسانة ذاتية الرص للحريق. تم تعريض ثلاث مجموعات من النماذج الخرسانية للحريق، وهي: C0 (نماذج غير مطلية)، وC1 (نماذج مطلية بطبقة من الأسمنت–البيرلايت)، وC2 (نماذج مطلية بطبقة من الأسمنت–البيرلايت مدعمة بنسبة 0.75% من الألياف الزجاجية). بلغ سمك الطلاء للنماذج المغطاة 20 مم لكل نوع. وتم تقييم المقاومات المتبقية بالاعتماد على القيم المرجعية بعمر 56 يومًا قبل التعرض للحريق. عُرضت جميع النماذج إلى درجة حرارة بلغت 600 °م ولمدد تعرض مختلفة بلغت 60 و90 و120 دقيقة. وبعد انتهاء اختبار الحريق، تُركت النماذج لتبرد تدريجيًا في الهواء، ثم أزيلت جميع بقايا الطلاءات الوقائية قبل إجراء الفحوصات الميكانيكية. أظهرت النتائج أن زيادة مدة التعرض للحريق تؤدي إلى انخفاض كبير في المقاومة لجميع النماذج. إذ سجلت النماذج غير المطلية انخفاضًا ملحوظًا في مقاومة الانضغاط المتبقية من 71.43% إلى 36.35% مع زيادة مدة التعرض من 60 إلى 120 دقيقة. في المقابل، أظهرت النماذج المطلية احتفاظًا أعلى بالمقاومة؛ حيث احتفظت نماذج C1 بنسبة 92.38% و84.13% و77.78%، بينما احتفظت نماذج C2 بنسبة 95.24% و88.89% و81.27% عند مدد التعرض 60 و90 و120 دقيقة على التوالي. كما أظهرت مقاومتا الشد الانشطاري والانثناء السلوك نفسه مع اختلاف في النسب المئوية. وأكدت النتائج أن الطلاءات المعتمدة على الأسمنت–البيرلايت تسهم بصورة فعالة في تحسين مقاومة الخرسانة ذاتية الرص للحريق. وبشكل عام، تبين أن استخدام هذه الطلاءات، ولا سيما المدعمة بالألياف، أكثر كفاءة في المحافظة على السلامة الإنشائية للخرسانة ذاتية الرص عند التعرض لدرجات الحرارة المرتفعة.
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